Hydrocarbon-burner



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Oct. 29, 1889.

J. REID.

' HYDROGARBON BURNER.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J OSEPII REID, OF OIL CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDROCARBON-BU RN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,079, dated October29, 1889.

Application filed December 26, 1888. Serial No. 294,626. (No model.)

.To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOsEPH REID, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oil City, in the county of Venango and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure I is a plan view of my improved apparatus partly insection, showing it as applied to a furnace door or wall, the latteralso be ing in sectional plan. Fig. II is an enlarged transverse sectiontaken on the line I I, Fig. I, looking in the direction of the arrow.Fig. III is a modification which will be hereinafter described. Fig. IVis a view showing the burner secured in the Wall of an ordinary furnace,such furnace being in vertical longitudinal section and partly brokenaway.

It is found in practice that the heat is so intense at the end of aninjectorburner where it is projected into the combustionchamber of afurnace that the oil which necessarily drips from the end of the oilpipeand runs into the interior of the injector is volatilized or carbonizedto such an extent as to cause such interior to become choked up, and itfrequently results that after the fuel has been running at full forceand the fiow is then nearly shut off and the current of oil is therebyweakened the drip from the oil-pipe becomes carbonized to such an extentas to ultimately choke up the inner pipe entirely. This would be theresult in any furnace where the heat is very intense at the end of theinjector; but it is most common in burning limestone and suchsubstances, which make it necessary to project the burner to within ashort distance from them.

In burning limestone it is well known to those familiar with the artthat the fresh stone should be subjected to a slow or moderate heat inorder to prevent the exterior being thoroughly burned or decomposedgreatly in advance of the interior, and to accomplish this result with ahydrocarbon burner it has heretofore been necessary to reduce the heatby shutting off a portion of the fuel; but this produces an imperfectresult. The flame being gradually reduced and confined to a smallerarea, the combustion-chamber is not given the uniform mellow heat thatis so desirable for the initial or preliminary burning of limestone.Therefore the ObJGCi3 of my invention is to overcome the foregoingdifficulties and to produce other desirable results, which I accomplishby means of a novel apparatus now to be described in connection with thedrawings.

1 represents the outer fixed section, and 2 represents the innerconcentric and longitudinally-movable section, of a hydrocarboninjectorburner, such as is described in my Patent No. 388,718, granted August28, 1888, the inner section 2 being reciprocated by means of the collar3, which engages the screw-threaded exterior of the section 1, and has aflange 1 embedded in the section 1, as described in my said patent, towhich reference may be had for a more full description of the same.

The end of the section 1 is screw-threaded at 5, and upon this end isscrewed a collar or ring 6, having projecting therefrom a number ofdiverging arms or ribs 7, which form airports 8. Projecting from thesearms and made integrally therewith is a cylindrical portion 9, having atits mid-length, or at a point sufficiently remote from these ports, astricture or contraction 10, toward which the inner surface of saidcylinder gradually inclines from both ends. The rear end of thiscylinder 9 is screw-threaded at 11, and has secured thereon the innerend of the funnel 12, whose outer end is provided with a flange 13,secured around the orifice in the door or Wall 14 by means of bolts orrivets 15, as clearly shown. This cylindrical portion 9, it will beseen, forms an extension or supplemental nozzle to the nozzle proper ofthe injector, and at the same time serves as an effective mixing-chamberfor the steam, 011, and air, the vapor from which, however, does notcombust thoroughly until it reaches the space beyond the stricture 10,where it is allowed to expand, which of course promotes thoroughcombustion. Sleeved upon the end of the cylinder 9 is still anothernozzle or extension 16, having thereon a lug 17, and rigidly sccured tothis lug, by means of jam nuts 18, is an operating-rod 19, which latterprojects through an opening 20in the fun nel and through a guide 21,projecting from the section 1 of the injector. This rod is provided witha handle 22 anda shoulder 23, which latter abuts against the guide 21and prevents the extension 16 from being pushed off of the cylinder 9.

The main body of each section 1 2 is, as shown at 31, conical or taperedtoward its cylindrical portion 33, and the ends of these cylindricalportions are conical or beveled inwardly at 32, as described in myaforesaid patent, so as to regulate the flow of steam.

The inner section 2. is provided on its cylindrical portion with anumber of longitudinal ribs 24, which have bearings in the cylindricalportion of the outer section 1, and

thus maintain the two sections 1 2 strictly concentric with each other,whereby the flow place more thoroughly.

of steam emitted from the annular space 25 between them is uniformthroughout. The

ends 26 of these ribs, as will be seen, are bev-. eled at an angle equalto the bevel of the ends of the inner and outer sections 1 2, so thatwhen the inner section is projected forward to close the opening theribs will abut squarely against the bevel of the outer section withf outproducing the indenture that they would be likely to produce shouldtheir ends be square.

only.

ing chamber formed by the ribs '7, where they expand over a larger area,drawing a large volume of air through the ports 8, and pass into the endof the cylinder 9, where the volume is again compressed or confined bythe stricture 10 in said cylinder. The purpose of the contraction orstricture is .to cause amore thorough mixing of the air and vapor beforethey pass into the combustion-chamber. It is of course understood thatthe pressure of thesteam being much greater than that ,of the air thelatter has a tendency to remain at the outer edge, or surrounding thevolume of steam and oil, and run parallel therewith; but by reason ofthe first incline in the cylinder 9 the parallel direction of the airisbroken and the current of vapor intercepts it. After it passes thiscontraction. or stricture the gases again expand and combustion takes Asbefore explained, when burning limestone it is desirable to withdraw theflame at a distance from the. stone, and for this purpose I haveprovided the extension 16,which, when it is drawn back on the cylinder9, re duces the length of the flame, and when projected out to itsfullest extent it extends the flame to the desired spot in addition todestroying the cutting force, or, in other Words, it breaks up themomentum of the products of combustion and produces a soft mellow flame.This result of course will be more fully attained by the employment ofthe extension which Ihave shown in Fig. III. By

the use of this supplemental nozzle, which I secure to the nozzle of theinjector, it will be seen that Iamenabled to retain the endof the latter.at a great distance from the intense heat and thus prevent thecarbonization of the oil which drips more or less from the end of thepipe 30.

I have laid particular stress upon the advantages of my burner for usein connection with limekilns; but itwill of course .be understood that Ido not confine myself to that class of furnaces, and that the burner maybe used in any furnace in which hydrocarbon is used for producing theheat and where these resultsare desirable. In Fig. III I have shown theextension 161 vwith a flaring mouth 27, which is flared at an i angleequal to the flare of the outer end of the cylinder 9, so that the saidextension may be drawn back until the flared mouth 27 meets the outerend of the cylinder 9, and thus form i one continuous flare from thestricture 10, ori it may project forward, as shown in. Fig. 1,3 and forma flaringmouth for the extension 16 Having thus described myinvention,thefollowing .is what I claim as new'therein anddesire tosecure by Letters Patent:

1. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the furnace door .orwall and the injector-nozzle projecting there/through, .of asupplemental nozzle forming .a mixing-chamber secured to the innerend ofsaid injector and having the stricture l0 remote from its ends, anadjustable sleeve or extension fitted The operation of the device, itwill be seen, is as follows: The oil being admitted at the pipe I 28 andthe steam at the pipe 29, the latter will produce a siphon within theoil pipe 30,which E will draw the oil therefrom into the cylindricalportion of the inner section 2, from whence it issues with the steaminto the flarprojecting through said door or wall, substantially assetforth.

2. Ina hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the furnace door .orwall and the injector-nozzle for steam and .oil projecting therethrough,of a supplemental nozzle secured to the inner end of said nozzle .andhaving the stricture 10, a sleeve or extension fitted to reciprocate onsaid supplemental noz- ,zle, and an operating-rod secured to saidextension ,and adapted to project it beyond the end of the supplementalnozzle for increasing or to withdraw it even with the end of thesupplemental nozzle for decreasing the length of the flame,substantially as set forth.

3. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the furnace door orwall and the steam and .oil injector nozzle projecting there through, ofa supplemental nozzle secured to the inner end of said injector andhaving a flaring mouth and .an adjustable sleeve or extension, alsohaving a flaring mouth, fitted to reciprocate on said supplementalnozzle and adapted to be withdrawn on the supplemental nozzle to causethe two flaring months IIO to meet or to be projected forward toincrease the length of the flame, substantially as set forth.

i. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination, with the injector-nozzlefor steam and oil, of the supplemental nozzle 9, secured thereto, asleeve or extension fitted to reciprocate on said supplemental nozzle,the fixed guide 21, an operating-rod projecting through said guide andsecured to said extension, and a shoulder on said rod for abuttingagainst said guide to limit the movement of said eX- tension, as setforth.

5. The combination, with the furnace door or wall having an orificetherein and the in jector projecting iherethrough, of a supplementalnozzle or extension secured to said injector and having a stricture atits midlength and air-ports between said stricture and the end of saidinjector, a funnel extending from said supplemental nozzle backward oversaid ports and secured to said door or wall, an adjustable sleeve onsaid supplemental nozzle, a guide on said injector, and a rod projectingthrough said guide and funnel and secured to said sleeve, substantiallyas set forth.

6. The combination, with the furnace-door having an orifice and aninjector projecting therethrough, of the supplemental nozzle orextension secured to said injector and having the air-ports 8 Within thefurnace and screwthreaded portion 11, and a funnel having a flange atits rear end secured to said door and internal screw-threads at itsinner end engaging the threaded portion 11 between the inner end of saidsupplemental nozzle and the airports 8 therein, as set forth.

7. The combination, with the steam and oil pipes of ahydrocarbon-burner, arranged one Within the other and each having theconical portions 31 32, tapering toward the mouth of the burner, and thecylindrical portion 33 intervenin g, of elongated ribs on thecylindrical portion of said inner pipe resting in the cylindricalportion of the outer pipe and having their ends beveled at an, angleequal to the angle of the conical or bevel portion 32, against theinside of which in the outer pipe said beveled ends of said ribs areadapted to abut, whereby said pipes may be adjusted relatively to eachother, and the inner pipe JOSEPH REID.

Witnesses:

ToM MACALLESTER, HARLEY W. FISHER.

